According to Muneeb Ali, Stacks co-founder, on October 8, 2026 at Token2049 Singapore, Bitcoin has roughly two years to upgrade to quantum-resistant signatures, then approximately two more years for holders to migrate coins into new addresses. Ali's timeline aligns with NIST guidance calling for phasing out vulnerable ECDSA cryptography after 2030.
However, adopting quantum-safe signatures could reduce Bitcoin's effective transaction capacity to roughly 10% of current levels, pushing everyday transactions off-chain to secondary layers like Stacks. Ali will formally return as CEO of Stacks Labs on October 15, 2026, to execute a roadmap focused on Bitcoin capital markets, institutional privacy, and post-quantum security.